What is the difference between knowledge of results (KR) and knowledge of performance (KP) feedback, and when might a coach emphasize each?

• A. KR tells movement pattern; KP tells outcome; Use KP to motivate; KR to improve technique.
• B. KR tells the outcome; KP describes movement pattern; Use KR to motivate; KP to improve technique.
• C. KR tells outcome; KP describes movement pattern; Use KR to motivate; KP to improve technique.
• D. KP tells movement pattern; KR tells outcome; Use KP to motivate; KR to improve technique.

Answer: (C)

Knowledge of results is about the end result of a movement—the outcome. It answers “did it work?” for example, did the shot go in, did the time beat a target, did you finish within the required distance. Knowledge of performance, on the other hand, focuses on how the movement was carried out—the technique and mechanics, such as your grip, posture, or the sequence of body parts during the action.

In coaching, using the outcome information can be motivating. If a player sees they achieved the goal or improved their score, that reinforces effort and persistence. When the aim is to fine-tune technique to make the outcome more reliable, attention to how the movement was executed is more effective—specific cues about form and pattern help guide improvements.

So the best fit is describing KR as the outcome focus and KP as the movement-focused feedback, with KR used to motivate and KP used to improve technique.