Which type of feedback evaluates movement quality rather than the outcome?

• A. Intrinsic feedback
• B. External feedback
• C. Knowledge of results
• D. Knowledge of performance

Answer: (D)

The key idea is that some feedback focuses on how a movement is performed, while others focus on the result of the movement. The type that judges the quality of the movement itself is knowledge of performance. It provides information about technique, form, and the sequencing of actions—things like whether the elbow stays in, whether the knee drives through correctly, or if the hips and shoulders are aligned properly. This helps a learner adjust the mechanics of the skill.

In practice, knowledge of performance guides improvement of technique, often using cues about posture, timing, and coordination. It can come from a coach, video analysis, or self-reflection and is separate from whether the attempt was successful in achieving the goal. For contrast, knowledge of results tells you if the goal was achieved (the outcome), not how the movement was carried out. Intrinsic feedback is the learner’s own sensory information during or after the movement, and external feedback is information from outside sources, which can include knowledge of performance but isn’t limited to it.